Mousavi, B. (2009) The study of Ephedra Spp. Micro propagation. Masters thesis, University of Zabol.
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Abstract
Ephedra botanically belongs to Chelamidosperm class and Ephedraceae. Ephedra species are evergreen and almost leafless shrubs. The stems are slender, erect or reclining. Flowers are dioecious, bone in round. Fruit (cone) is globular, usually red, and occasionally yellow. Ephedra is the source of two valuable alkaloids; ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Dried stems of Ephedra species are used to alleviate symptoms caused by common cold, influenza, asthma, bronchitis, and hay fever. The in vitro micro propagation Ephedra procera and Ephedra strobilacea are investigated. A number of experiments are conducted to identify suitable procedure for in vitro shoot multiplication of Ephedra procera. In first experiment, different concentrations of kinetin were studied. Axillary buds explants of Ephedra procera are cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mgl-1 kinetin and 0.01 mgl-1 IBA was optimum. Two different nutrient media (MS , DCR) and different explants (axillary and axial buds) were studied. The MS media was significantly better than DCR. Axillary buds explants were better than axillary buds explants. Combination of 0.05 mgl-1 BA and IBA were most suitable for shoot fresh weight, main shoot length and number of axillary shoots of Ephedra procera axillary buds. Utilization of 1.0 mgl-1 kinetin and 1.0 mgl-1 NAA was the best for callus formation. Suspension cultures of Ephedra procera were established in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mgl-1 kinetin and 1.0 mgl-1 NAA. A number of experiments were carried out to find a suitable method for micro propagation of Ephedra strobilacea. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was used as a basal medium in this species. The most suitable concentration of calcium hypochlorite for seeds surface disinfection was 5.0% for 40 minutes. Utilization of 0.15 mgl-1 BA and 0.05 mgl-1 IBA was the best for shoot multiplication of Ephedra strobilacea, which seeds were used as explant. The effects of different concentrations of NAA and two, 4-D in combination with BA for callus formation was studied. High frequency of callus formation occurred with 1.0 mgl-1 2, 4-D combined with 0/01 mgl-1 BA, friable callus was produced. We studied the effects of different concentrations of NAA and two, 4-D in combination with 1.0 mgl-1 kinetin on callus formation. The Kinetin at 1.0 mgl-1 in combination with 1.0 mgl-1 2, 4-D was the best for compact callus formation. The most suitable medium for root formation proved to be half strength Murashige and Skoog (1/2MS) medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 0.01 mgl-1 BA and 2 mgl-1 NAA. Finally, we acclimatized and transferred the in vitro raised plantlets to soil with 50% success.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Micro propagation; Ephedra procera; Ephedra strobilacea; Nutrient medium; Explant; In vitro shoot multiplication; Callus formation; Suspension cultures; Root |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany S Agriculture > SB Plant culture |
| Depositing User: | admin admin1 admin2 |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2016 04:29 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2016 04:29 |
| URI: | http://eprints.uoz.ac.ir/id/eprint/271 |
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