Ghorbani, F. (2012) Variation of five cultivars of soybean to Macrophomina phaseolina and determination of inhibitory effects of essential oil and extract of some plants from fungal growth. Masters thesis, University of zabol.
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Abstract
Reactions of various plants against fungal infection are different. Biochemical defense and their related complex reactions is one of the most important defensive mechanisms of the host plant against pathogen. Macrophomina phaseolina is the causal agent of soybean charcoal rot. The disease causes economical losses to the product. In the research, at first reaction of five different soybean varieties against Macrophomina phaseolina were evaluated and then, total phenol and total protein changes from tree soybean cultivars, Sari (semi resistant), Gorgan3 (susceptible) and Williams (very susceptible) were measured once before inoculation with Macrophomina phaseolina and 48 and 96 hours after inoculation. This experiment was conducted to examine differences in these parameters in three cultivars to determine either in the semi-resistant varieties are as Phytoanticipines components or phytoallexins. The expriment was conducted in the phactorial basis of completely randomized design with four replications in the greenhouse condition. Means comperison showed significant differences (P≤0.01) between total phenol and total protein after inoculation with the fungus. The value of this parameter in Sari cultivars was more than in Gorgan3 and Williams. Due to the increase in the number of these parameters was found that these compounds in Sari cultivar were phytoallexin. Antifungal activities of four concentrations, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, of six plant extracts consisting of Anethum graveolens, Nerium leander, Glycine max, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, peganum harmala and Zingiber officinale, and also essential oils of Eucalyptus sp and Zataria multiflora on Macrophomina phaseolina were investigated in vitro conditions. Results revealed that the extract of oleander, soybean leaves and Anethum graveolens had no inhibitory effects on the growth. A significant difference (P≤ 0.01) was observed among different concentrations of extracts and essential oils of the plants in preventing from fungal colony growth. Extract of cinnamon bark in concentration of 2000 ppm completely (100 percent) prevented from the fungal growth. Essential oil of Z. multiflora in 120 μl per 100 ml of the medium compared to control petriplates 58.16% inhibited from the fungal growth.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Phytoalexin, Phytoanticipine, Resistant, Total protein, Total phenol, plant extract, Essential oil |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SB Plant culture |
| Depositing User: | admin admin1 admin2 |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jun 2017 05:03 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jun 2017 05:03 |
| URI: | http://eprints.uoz.ac.ir/id/eprint/1594 |
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